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Integrating fishermen and their knowledge in the science policy process: case studies of cooperative research in the northeastern U.S.
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Integrating fishermen and their knowledge in the science policy process: case studies of cooperative research in the northeastern U.S.
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Johnson
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Teresa R.
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Teresa R. Johnson
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McCay
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Bonnie
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Bonnie J McCay
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chair
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Powell
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Eric
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Eric Powell
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Morren
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George
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George Morren
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Wilson
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Douglas
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Advisory Committee
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Douglas Wilson
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Rutgers University
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Graduate School - New Brunswick
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theses
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2007
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2007
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English
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electronic
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xi, 428 pages
Abstract
This dissertation explores the boundaries between science and non-science, including different forms of expertise, when citizens with experience-based knowledge (EBK) are included in the science policy process through cooperative research. This study focused on industry-science cooperative research between fishermen and scientists in the Northeastern U.S.
Ethnographic research primarily consisted of semi-structured and informal interviews and direct observation of the science-policy process, as well as a review of relevant fisheries science and management documents. Five different types of cooperative research with fishermen were examined in eight case studies: real-time data collection in the Illex squid fishery (chapter 4), the Northeast Regional Cod Tagging Program (chapter 5), gear selectivity/bycatch reduction research in the Loligo squid and whiting fisheries (chapter 6), industry-based surveys in New England and the Mid-Atlantic (chapter 7), and an industry-science advisory panel to improve the federal resource survey (chapter 8). Stakeholder perceptions regarding cooperative research were examined using the social science method discourse analysis (chapter 9).
This dissertation concludes that fishermen and their experience-based knowledge are being incorporated at important stages into scientific research through cooperative research. Cooperative research functions as an effective boundary institution. It allows for translation, communication, and mediation across the boundaries of diverse knowledge cultures. Cooperative research makes fishermen's knowledge more relevant or usable in the large-scale fisheries science policy process either by making it fit the requirements of the scientific method or by aggregating it to a scale more compatible with science-based management.
This research found that capacity building (such as learning or the sharing of expertise between fishermen and scientists) and boundary-spanners (those individuals who are able to span the boundary between science and non-science) facilitate the effectiveness of cooperative research. In addition, the peer review process is a critical site of boundary management. However, peer review of cooperative research is not dominated entirely by scientists, but instead includes an "extended peer review" process that includes participation by fishermen and other stakeholders.
Ethnographic research primarily consisted of semi-structured and informal interviews and direct observation of the science-policy process, as well as a review of relevant fisheries science and management documents. Five different types of cooperative research with fishermen were examined in eight case studies: real-time data collection in the Illex squid fishery (chapter 4), the Northeast Regional Cod Tagging Program (chapter 5), gear selectivity/bycatch reduction research in the Loligo squid and whiting fisheries (chapter 6), industry-based surveys in New England and the Mid-Atlantic (chapter 7), and an industry-science advisory panel to improve the federal resource survey (chapter 8). Stakeholder perceptions regarding cooperative research were examined using the social science method discourse analysis (chapter 9).
This dissertation concludes that fishermen and their experience-based knowledge are being incorporated at important stages into scientific research through cooperative research. Cooperative research functions as an effective boundary institution. It allows for translation, communication, and mediation across the boundaries of diverse knowledge cultures. Cooperative research makes fishermen's knowledge more relevant or usable in the large-scale fisheries science policy process either by making it fit the requirements of the scientific method or by aggregating it to a scale more compatible with science-based management.
This research found that capacity building (such as learning or the sharing of expertise between fishermen and scientists) and boundary-spanners (those individuals who are able to span the boundary between science and non-science) facilitate the effectiveness of cooperative research. In addition, the peer review process is a critical site of boundary management. However, peer review of cooperative research is not dominated entirely by scientists, but instead includes an "extended peer review" process that includes participation by fishermen and other stakeholders.
Note
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Ph.D.
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Includes bibliographical references (p. 411-428).
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Ecology and Evolution
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Fishery management
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Fishery policy
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Graduate School - New Brunswick Electronic Theses and Dissertations
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doi:10.7282/T3DF6RN6
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ETD doctoral
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Teresa Johnson
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Rutgers University. Graduate School - New Brunswick
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I hereby grant to the Rutgers University Libraries and to my school the non-exclusive right to archive, reproduce and distribute my thesis or dissertation, in whole or in part, and/or my abstract, in whole or in part, in and from an electronic format, subject to the release date subsequently stipulated in this submittal form and approved by my school. I represent and stipulate that the thesis or dissertation and its abstract are my original work, that they do not infringe or violate any rights of others, and that I make these grants as the sole owner of the rights to my thesis or dissertation and its abstract. I represent that I have obtained written permissions, when necessary, from the owner(s) of each third party copyrighted matter to be included in my thesis or dissertation and will supply copies of such upon request by my school. I acknowledge that RU ETD and my school will not distribute my thesis or dissertation or its abstract if, in their reasonable judgment, they believe all such rights have not been secured. I acknowledge that I retain ownership rights to the copyright of my work. I also retain the right to use all or part of this thesis or dissertation in future works, such as articles or books.
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