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Stable isotopic response to the late Eocene extraterrestrial impact events
Descriptive
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Text
TitleInfo
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Title
Stable isotopic response to the late Eocene extraterrestrial impact events
Identifier
(type = hdl)
http://hdl.rutgers.edu/1782.2/rucore10001600001.ETD.16752
Identifier
ETD_572
Language
LanguageTerm
(authority = ISO 639-3:2007)
English
Genre
(authority = marcgt)
theses
Subject
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(authority = RUETD)
Topic
Geological Sciences
Subject
(ID = SBJ-1);
(authority = ETD-LCSH)
Topic
Isotope geology
Subject
(ID = SBJ-1);
(authority = ETD-LCSH)
Topic
Palentology--Eocene
Subject
(ID = SBJ-1);
(authority = ETD-LCSH)
Topic
Catastrophes (Geology)
Abstract
Two large and near synchronous late Eocene (~35.4 - 35.5 Ma based on radiometric ages) impact events (Popigai and Chesapeake Bay) produced well-preserved structures, yet the environmental response to these impacts is poorly understood. Impact events generate ejecta deposits that surround source craters creating characteristic strewn fields. The Chesapeake Bay and Popigai impactors produced strewn fields that serve as stratigraphic markers for these impact events and the late Eocene. The late Eocene global temperature history and carbon budget are poorly constrained because of sparsely sampled ??18O and ??13C records. In this thesis: 1) the Chesapeake Bay microtektite layer is shown to be stratigraphically younger than the Popigai cpx-bearing (or microkrystite) layer, by ~ 4 kyr; 2) a first order correlation of the late Eocene ejecta layers identified in ODP Site 1090 to the geomagnetic polarity timescale in Chron C16n.1n (279 mbsf) is provided with a corresponding magnetochronologic age of 35.43 Ma, consistent with published radiometric ages; 3) new stable isotopic data is presented from Site 1090 and DSDP Site 612 that show a large and transient ??13C excursion (~0.5 0/00) associated with the impacts. At Site 1090, late Eocene benthic foraminifera are well preserved, the identified ejecta horizon is marked by an Ir anomaly (~950 pg/g), and the published magnetostratigraphic age control is excellent. Site 1090 ??13C and ??18O records of benthic foraminifera across the ejecta layer from 34.6 - 35.8 Ma (8 kyr sampling) and 33.7 - 36 Ma (16 kyr sampling) and a high-resolution (2 kyr sampling) bulk-carbonate record (278 - 279.5 mbsf) are presented. Coeval benthic foraminiferal records show a ??13C excursion from: 1) new benthic data from Southern Ocean Site 1090 show a 0.5 0/00 anomaly; 2) new benthic data from New Jersey slope Site 612 show a 0.5 0/00 change, though this record is partially truncated by an unconformity; 3) Southern Ocean Site 689 published data shows a 1.0 0/00 excursion; and 4) Pacific Ocean Site 1218 published data shows a 0.4 0/00 anomaly. The ??13C excursion is suggested to reflect a perturbation in the global carbon cycle and to be directly related to the late Eocene impactor(s).
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xiv, 135 pages
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M.S.
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Includes bibliographical references (p. 60-87).
Name
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Pusz
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Aimee E.
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Aimee E. Pusz
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Miller
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Kenneth
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chair
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Advisory Committee
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Kenneth G. Miller
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Wright
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James
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internal member
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Advisory Committee
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James D. Wright
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Kent
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Dennis
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internal member
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Advisory Committee
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Dennis V. Kent
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Rutgers University
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degree grantor
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Graduate School - New Brunswick
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school
OriginInfo
DateCreated
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2007
DateOther
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2007
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TitleInfo
Title
Graduate School - New Brunswick Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Identifier
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rucore19991600001
Identifier
(type = doi)
doi:10.7282/T36D5TCV
Genre
(authority = ExL-Esploro)
ETD graduate
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Rights
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The author owns the copyright to this work.
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Copyright protected
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Open
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Aimee Miss
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Copyright holder
Affiliation
Rutgers University. Graduate School - New Brunswick
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Non-exclusive ETD license
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Author Agreement License
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I hereby grant to the Rutgers University Libraries and to my school the non-exclusive right to archive, reproduce and distribute my thesis or dissertation, in whole or in part, and/or my abstract, in whole or in part, in and from an electronic format, subject to the release date subsequently stipulated in this submittal form and approved by my school. I represent and stipulate that the thesis or dissertation and its abstract are my original work, that they do not infringe or violate any rights of others, and that I make these grants as the sole owner of the rights to my thesis or dissertation and its abstract. I represent that I have obtained written permissions, when necessary, from the owner(s) of each third party copyrighted matter to be included in my thesis or dissertation and will supply copies of such upon request by my school. I acknowledge that RU ETD and my school will not distribute my thesis or dissertation or its abstract if, in their reasonable judgment, they believe all such rights have not been secured. I acknowledge that I retain ownership rights to the copyright of my work. I also retain the right to use all or part of this thesis or dissertation in future works, such as articles or books.
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