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A longitudinal investigation of the relationships amongst antibody response to influenza vaccination, affect, and stress in the elderly
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Title
A longitudinal investigation of the relationships amongst antibody response to influenza vaccination, affect, and stress in the elderly
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Hash-Converse
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Joanne M.
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Joanne M. Hash-Converse
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author
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Kusnecov
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Alexander
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Advisory Committee
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Alexander W Kusnecov
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chair
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Wagner
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George
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Advisory Committee
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George C Wagner
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internal member
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Contrada
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Richard
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Advisory Committee
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Richard J Contrada
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internal member
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Zalcman
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Steven
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Advisory Committee
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Steven Zalcman
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outside member
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Rutgers University
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degree grantor
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Graduate School - New Brunswick
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theses
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2008
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2008-10
Language
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English
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electronic
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text/xml
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xi, 108 pages
Abstract
We examined the cross-sectional and longitudinal relationships amongst affect, stress exposure, and antibody (Ab) response to influenza inoculation in a healthy, elderly sample. We explored both efferent (CNS on immune activity) and afferent (immune activity on CNS function) pathways. Negative (NA) and positive (PA) affective states were examined in relation to Ab response, positing that high baseline NA (State, SNA, but not Trait, TNA) would predict reduced Ab response and that PA would predict enhanced response, and that the reduced Ab response in individuals displaying high baseline SNA would associate with decreases in NA. Moderator (for psychogenic and systemic stress) and mediator (systemic symptom reporting) tests were conducted to validate these relationships.
The 152 (97 female, 55 male; age M=72.49, SD=6.32) participants were residents of a retirement community, who met medical exclusionary criteria and completed all three annual assessments (in 1992, 1993, and 1996). Participants were inoculated with trivalent influenza vaccine, and Ab titer was assayed two weeks post-inoculation via hemagglutinin inhibition assay.
As hypothesized, TNA did not predict Ab response. Surprisingly, high baseline SNA predicted enhanced Ab response, which predicted decreased NA in a year- and strain-specific manner. Longitudinally, robust initial Ab response followed by steady decreases was associated with combinations of no change in one dimension of NA and decreases in the other. High PA only showed transient associations with increased Ab response. Stress did not act as a moderator, though systemic symptom reporting did mediate the relationship between Ab response and change in NA in 1996.
Overall findings suggest a reconceptualization of initial NA. High levels of initial SNA did not predict impaired immunity, but instead robust response. Hence, instead of an aberrant affective state, high initial SNA likely indicates enhanced arousal, which returns to lower levels after threat ceases. This study also illustrates the complexities involved in investigating the relationship between health and immunity, and importantly sheds light on how varying temporal and antigenic variables may elicit differences. This study adds considerably to the body of work exploring the dynamic interplay between emotion, experience, aging, and physiological response to benign immune challenge.
The 152 (97 female, 55 male; age M=72.49, SD=6.32) participants were residents of a retirement community, who met medical exclusionary criteria and completed all three annual assessments (in 1992, 1993, and 1996). Participants were inoculated with trivalent influenza vaccine, and Ab titer was assayed two weeks post-inoculation via hemagglutinin inhibition assay.
As hypothesized, TNA did not predict Ab response. Surprisingly, high baseline SNA predicted enhanced Ab response, which predicted decreased NA in a year- and strain-specific manner. Longitudinally, robust initial Ab response followed by steady decreases was associated with combinations of no change in one dimension of NA and decreases in the other. High PA only showed transient associations with increased Ab response. Stress did not act as a moderator, though systemic symptom reporting did mediate the relationship between Ab response and change in NA in 1996.
Overall findings suggest a reconceptualization of initial NA. High levels of initial SNA did not predict impaired immunity, but instead robust response. Hence, instead of an aberrant affective state, high initial SNA likely indicates enhanced arousal, which returns to lower levels after threat ceases. This study also illustrates the complexities involved in investigating the relationship between health and immunity, and importantly sheds light on how varying temporal and antigenic variables may elicit differences. This study adds considerably to the body of work exploring the dynamic interplay between emotion, experience, aging, and physiological response to benign immune challenge.
Note
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Ph.D.
Note
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Includes bibliographical references (p. 61-69).
Subject
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Topic
Psychology
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Topic
Influenza
Subject
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Topic
Immune response
Subject
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Topic
Affect (Psychology)
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Graduate School - New Brunswick Electronic Theses and Dissertations
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rucore19991600001
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http://hdl.rutgers.edu/1782.2/rucore10001600001.ETD.17488
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ETD_1187
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doi:10.7282/T3NP24SM
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ETD doctoral
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The author owns the copyright to this work.
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Copyright protected
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Open
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Joanne Hash-Converse
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Rutgers University. Graduate School - New Brunswick
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Non-exclusive ETD license
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Author Agreement License
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I hereby grant to the Rutgers University Libraries and to my school the non-exclusive right to archive, reproduce and distribute my thesis or dissertation, in whole or in part, and/or my abstract, in whole or in part, in and from an electronic format, subject to the release date subsequently stipulated in this submittal form and approved by my school. I represent and stipulate that the thesis or dissertation and its abstract are my original work, that they do not infringe or violate any rights of others, and that I make these grants as the sole owner of the rights to my thesis or dissertation and its abstract. I represent that I have obtained written permissions, when necessary, from the owner(s) of each third party copyrighted matter to be included in my thesis or dissertation and will supply copies of such upon request by my school. I acknowledge that RU ETD and my school will not distribute my thesis or dissertation or its abstract if, in their reasonable judgment, they believe all such rights have not been secured. I acknowledge that I retain ownership rights to the copyright of my work. I also retain the right to use all or part of this thesis or dissertation in future works, such as articles or books.
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