RUcore: Rutgers University Community Repository
Physical and electrochemical study of halide-modified activated carbons
Descriptive
TypeOfResource
Text
TitleInfo
(ID = T-1)
Title
Physical and electrochemical study of halide-modified activated carbons
Identifier
ETD_1433
Identifier
(type = hdl)
http://hdl.rutgers.edu/1782.2/rucore10001600001.ETD.000050492
Language
LanguageTerm
(authority = ISO639-2);
(type = code)
eng
Genre
(authority = marcgt)
theses
Subject
(ID = SBJ-1);
(authority = RUETD)
Topic
Ceramic and Materials Science and Engineering
Subject
(ID = SBJ-1);
(authority = ETD-LCSH)
Topic
Capacitors
Subject
(ID = SBJ-1);
(authority = ETD-LCSH)
Topic
Electrodes, Carbon
Subject
(ID = SBJ-1);
(authority = ETD-LCSH)
Topic
Electrochemical sensors
Abstract
The current thesis aims to improve the electrochemical capacity of activated carbon electrodes, which enjoy prominent position in commercial electrochemical capacitors. Our approach was to develop electrochemical capacity by developing faradaic pseudocapacitance in carbon through a novel mechanochemical modification using iodine and bromine.
Various commercial carbons were mechanochemically modified via solid-state iodation and vapour phase iodine-incorporation. The halidation-induced changes in the structure, composition, morphology, electrical and electrochemical properties of carbon materials were studied using different characterization techniques encompassing XRD, XRF, XPS, Raman spectroscopy, BET study, TEM, SAXS and electrochemical testing followed by an intensive battery of physical and electrochemical characterization. The introduction of iodine into carbon system led to the formation of polyiodide species that were preferentially reacted within the micropore voids within the carbon leading to the development of a faradaic reaction at 3.1V. In spite of the lower surface area of modified carbon, we observed manyfold increase in its electrochemical capacity. Parallel inception of non-faradaic development and faradaic pseudocapacitive reaction led to promising gravimetric, surface area normalized and volumetric capacity in iodated carbons. With promising electrochemical improvement post halidation process, the chemical halidation method was extended to different class of carbons and halides. Carbons ranging from amorphous (activated) carbons to crystalline carbons (graphites, fluorographites) were iodine-modified to gain further insight on the local graphite-iodine chemical interaction. In addition, the effect of pore size distribution on chemical iodation process was studied by using in-house fabricated microporous carbon. A comparative study of commercial mesoporous carbons and in-house fabricated microporous carbons showed higher iodine-uptake ability and larger volumetric capacity development in case of microporous carbons. For halides, bromine was also tested in activated carbons, which showed similar set of physical and electrochemical modification, but to a smaller degree.
Carbon-polyhalide nanocomposites form a very interesting system both for fundamental research and as new electrode systems for asymmetric hybrid capacitor and low-voltage high power battery type applications.
Various commercial carbons were mechanochemically modified via solid-state iodation and vapour phase iodine-incorporation. The halidation-induced changes in the structure, composition, morphology, electrical and electrochemical properties of carbon materials were studied using different characterization techniques encompassing XRD, XRF, XPS, Raman spectroscopy, BET study, TEM, SAXS and electrochemical testing followed by an intensive battery of physical and electrochemical characterization. The introduction of iodine into carbon system led to the formation of polyiodide species that were preferentially reacted within the micropore voids within the carbon leading to the development of a faradaic reaction at 3.1V. In spite of the lower surface area of modified carbon, we observed manyfold increase in its electrochemical capacity. Parallel inception of non-faradaic development and faradaic pseudocapacitive reaction led to promising gravimetric, surface area normalized and volumetric capacity in iodated carbons. With promising electrochemical improvement post halidation process, the chemical halidation method was extended to different class of carbons and halides. Carbons ranging from amorphous (activated) carbons to crystalline carbons (graphites, fluorographites) were iodine-modified to gain further insight on the local graphite-iodine chemical interaction. In addition, the effect of pore size distribution on chemical iodation process was studied by using in-house fabricated microporous carbon. A comparative study of commercial mesoporous carbons and in-house fabricated microporous carbons showed higher iodine-uptake ability and larger volumetric capacity development in case of microporous carbons. For halides, bromine was also tested in activated carbons, which showed similar set of physical and electrochemical modification, but to a smaller degree.
Carbon-polyhalide nanocomposites form a very interesting system both for fundamental research and as new electrode systems for asymmetric hybrid capacitor and low-voltage high power battery type applications.
PhysicalDescription
Extent
xxv, 220 p. : ill.
InternetMediaType
application/pdf
InternetMediaType
text/xml
Note
(type = degree)
Ph.D.
Note
(type = bibliography)
Includes bibliographical references.
Note
(type = statement of responsibility)
by Prabeer Barpanda
Name
(ID = NAME-1);
(type = personal)
NamePart
(type = family)
Barpanda
NamePart
(type = given)
Prabeer
Role
RoleTerm
(authority = RULIB);
(type = )
author
DisplayForm
Prabeer Barpanda
Name
(ID = NAME-2);
(type = personal)
NamePart
(type = family)
Amatucci
NamePart
(type = given)
Glenn
Role
RoleTerm
(authority = RULIB);
(type = )
chair
Affiliation
Advisory Committee
DisplayForm
Glenn G Amatucci
Name
(ID = NAME-3);
(type = personal)
NamePart
(type = family)
Klein
NamePart
(type = given)
Lisa
Role
RoleTerm
(authority = RULIB);
(type = )
internal member
Affiliation
Advisory Committee
DisplayForm
Lisa C. Klein
Name
(ID = NAME-4);
(type = personal)
NamePart
(type = family)
Birnie III
NamePart
(type = given)
Dunbar
Role
RoleTerm
(authority = RULIB);
(type = )
internal member
Affiliation
Advisory Committee
DisplayForm
Dunbar P. Birnie III
Name
(ID = NAME-5);
(type = personal)
NamePart
(type = family)
Chhowalla
NamePart
(type = given)
Manish
Role
RoleTerm
(authority = RULIB);
(type = )
internal member
Affiliation
Advisory Committee
DisplayForm
Manish Chhowalla
Name
(ID = NAME-6);
(type = personal)
NamePart
(type = family)
Aitchison
NamePart
(type = given)
Phillip
Role
RoleTerm
(authority = RULIB);
(type = )
outside member
Affiliation
Advisory Committee
DisplayForm
Phillip Aitchison
Name
(ID = NAME-1);
(type = corporate)
NamePart
Rutgers University
Role
RoleTerm
(authority = RULIB);
(type = )
degree grantor
Name
(ID = NAME-2);
(type = corporate)
NamePart
Graduate School - New Brunswick
Role
RoleTerm
(authority = RULIB);
(type = )
school
OriginInfo
DateCreated
(point = );
(qualifier = exact)
2009
DateOther
(qualifier = exact);
(type = degree)
2009-01
Place
PlaceTerm
(type = code)
xx
Location
PhysicalLocation
(authority = marcorg)
NjNbRU
RelatedItem
(type = host)
TitleInfo
Title
Rutgers University Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Identifier
(type = RULIB)
ETD
RelatedItem
(type = host)
TitleInfo
Title
Graduate School - New Brunswick Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Identifier
(type = local)
rucore19991600001
Identifier
(type = doi)
doi:10.7282/T3736R6C
Genre
(authority = ExL-Esploro)
ETD doctoral
Back to the top
Rights
RightsDeclaration
(AUTHORITY = GS);
(ID = rulibRdec0006)
The author owns the copyright to this work.
Copyright
Status
Copyright protected
Availability
Status
Open
RightsEvent
(AUTHORITY = rulib);
(ID = 1)
Type
Permission or license
Detail
Non-exclusive ETD license
AssociatedObject
(AUTHORITY = rulib);
(ID = 1)
Type
License
Name
Author Agreement License
Detail
I hereby grant to the Rutgers University Libraries and to my school the non-exclusive right to archive, reproduce and distribute my thesis or dissertation, in whole or in part, and/or my abstract, in whole or in part, in and from an electronic format, subject to the release date subsequently stipulated in this submittal form and approved by my school. I represent and stipulate that the thesis or dissertation and its abstract are my original work, that they do not infringe or violate any rights of others, and that I make these grants as the sole owner of the rights to my thesis or dissertation and its abstract. I represent that I have obtained written permissions, when necessary, from the owner(s) of each third party copyrighted matter to be included in my thesis or dissertation and will supply copies of such upon request by my school. I acknowledge that RU ETD and my school will not distribute my thesis or dissertation or its abstract if, in their reasonable judgment, they believe all such rights have not been secured. I acknowledge that I retain ownership rights to the copyright of my work. I also retain the right to use all or part of this thesis or dissertation in future works, such as articles or books.
Back to the top
Technical
ContentModel
ETD
MimeType
(TYPE = file)
application/pdf
MimeType
(TYPE = container)
application/x-tar
FileSize
(UNIT = bytes)
9103360
Checksum
(METHOD = SHA1)
66ff820514c4686008d17ff0062fc33c9c3279df
Back to the top
Statistical Profile