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Integration of biogenic emissions in environmental fate, transport, and exposure systems
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Text
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Title
Integration of biogenic emissions in environmental fate, transport, and exposure systems
Identifier
ETD_1735
Identifier
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http://hdl.rutgers.edu/1782.2/rucore10001600001.ETD.000051198
Language
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eng
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theses
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Topic
Environmental Sciences
Subject
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(authority = ETD-LCSH)
Topic
Air quality
Subject
(ID = SBJ-1);
(authority = ETD-LCSH)
Topic
Air--Pollution
Abstract
Biogenic emissions include a major, but highly uncertain, source of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and bioaerosols that are emitted in the atmosphere. These two groups are involved as direct or indirect offenders of human health when transported during photochemical episodes and allergy seasons. Biogenic hydrocarbons are a significant fraction of the total VOC emission inventories for the United States and contribute to the formation of tropospheric ozone. Bioaerosols, including pollens, spores, and fungi are emitted seasonally and can lead to asthma exacerbation, irritation of the upper respiratory tract, and allergic response to a large portion of the population. Although all applications of photochemical modeling in a regulatory setting require the quantification of biogenic hydrocarbons, bioaerosols are currently not incorporated in the urban airshed models. Furthermore, the current biogenic emission estimation models and urban airshed models use low-resolution data for estimating vegetation biomass and VOC emissions.
In this study, the geographical information systems ArcInfo and ArcMap were used to construct a high resolution, spatially accurate vegetation biomass and biogenic emissions database for the Northeast United States region. A number of sources of data on vegetation cover parameters were evaluated, and the final mappings incorporated information from the MODIS satellite instrument. Perl and MATLAB were used to interface the CMAQ photochemical model and the improved database aggregate. In addition, a pollen emission model that uses the same geodatabase components was developed for the same region. The two-fold aim of this study is to extend the common framework for additional biogenic emissions while improving the current methodologies for estimating biogenic VOCs.
The methodologies developed in this work are presented along with the final composite geodatabase applications. The strong dependence of biogenic emissions on the spatial distribution of vegetation species made the use of a GIS an ideal method for improving biogenic emission estimates. Modifications in related portions of the CMAQ model were necessary in order to include these additional sources. Finally, this research identifies uncertainties associated with biogenic model structure and resolution with application to photochemical air quality modeling.
In this study, the geographical information systems ArcInfo and ArcMap were used to construct a high resolution, spatially accurate vegetation biomass and biogenic emissions database for the Northeast United States region. A number of sources of data on vegetation cover parameters were evaluated, and the final mappings incorporated information from the MODIS satellite instrument. Perl and MATLAB were used to interface the CMAQ photochemical model and the improved database aggregate. In addition, a pollen emission model that uses the same geodatabase components was developed for the same region. The two-fold aim of this study is to extend the common framework for additional biogenic emissions while improving the current methodologies for estimating biogenic VOCs.
The methodologies developed in this work are presented along with the final composite geodatabase applications. The strong dependence of biogenic emissions on the spatial distribution of vegetation species made the use of a GIS an ideal method for improving biogenic emission estimates. Modifications in related portions of the CMAQ model were necessary in order to include these additional sources. Finally, this research identifies uncertainties associated with biogenic model structure and resolution with application to photochemical air quality modeling.
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electronic resource
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xxi, 233 p. : ill.
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Note
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Ph.D.
Note
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Includes bibliographical references (p. 199-232)
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by Christos I. Efstathiou
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Efstathiou
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Christos I.
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1978
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Christos I. Efstathiou
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Georgopoulos
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Panos
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chair
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Advisory Committee
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Panos Georgopoulos
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Isukapalli
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Sastry
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Advisory Committee
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Sastry Isukapalli
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Lathrop
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Richard
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Richard Lathrop
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Mainelis
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Gediminas
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Advisory Committee
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Gediminas Mainelis
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Bielory
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Leonard
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outside member
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Advisory Committee
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Leonard Bielory
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Rutgers University
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degree grantor
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Graduate School - New Brunswick
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2009
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2009-05
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xx
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Rutgers University Electronic Theses and Dissertations
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ETD
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Graduate School - New Brunswick Electronic Theses and Dissertations
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rucore19991600001
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doi:10.7282/T3BR8SDQ
Genre
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ETD doctoral
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The author owns the copyright to this work.
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Open
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Non-exclusive ETD license
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I hereby grant to the Rutgers University Libraries and to my school the non-exclusive right to archive, reproduce and distribute my thesis or dissertation, in whole or in part, and/or my abstract, in whole or in part, in and from an electronic format, subject to the release date subsequently stipulated in this submittal form and approved by my school. I represent and stipulate that the thesis or dissertation and its abstract are my original work, that they do not infringe or violate any rights of others, and that I make these grants as the sole owner of the rights to my thesis or dissertation and its abstract. I represent that I have obtained written permissions, when necessary, from the owner(s) of each third party copyrighted matter to be included in my thesis or dissertation and will supply copies of such upon request by my school. I acknowledge that RU ETD and my school will not distribute my thesis or dissertation or its abstract if, in their reasonable judgment, they believe all such rights have not been secured. I acknowledge that I retain ownership rights to the copyright of my work. I also retain the right to use all or part of this thesis or dissertation in future works, such as articles or books.
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