RUcore: Rutgers University Community Repository
Biomarker identification and exposure assessment of environmentally toxic substances in a population of pregnant women and newborns
Descriptive
TypeOfResource
Text
TitleInfo
(ID = T-1)
Title
Biomarker identification and exposure assessment of environmentally toxic substances in a population of pregnant women and newborns
SubTitle
PartName
PartNumber
NonSort
Identifier
ETD_1541
Identifier
(type = hdl)
http://hdl.rutgers.edu/1782.2/rucore10001600001.ETD.000051425
Language
(objectPart = )
LanguageTerm
(authority = ISO639-2);
(type = code)
eng
Genre
(authority = marcgt)
theses
Subject
(ID = SBJ-1);
(authority = RUETD)
Topic
Toxicology
Subject
(ID = SBJ-2);
(authority = ETD-LCSH)
Topic
Pregnant women
Subject
(ID = SBJ-3);
(authority = ETD-LCSH)
Topic
Reproductive toxicology
Subject
(ID = SBJ-4);
(authority = ETD-LCSH)
Topic
Developmental toxicology
Abstract
Widespread exposure to environmentally toxic chemicals may adversely affect fetal development and birth outcomes. However, data on prenatal exposure and associated health effects in newborns are very limited. A variety of pesticides, phthalates, and their metabolites were measured in maternal urine, maternal serum, cord serum, amniotic fluid, and meconium samples collected at the time of cesarean delivery from 150 women in central New Jersey. Significantly higher concentrations of dacthal (p=0.007), diethyltoluamide (p=0.043), and phthalimide (p=0.030) in cord serum of pesticide users than non-users suggests that residential use of pesticides may contribute to overall exposure. The concentrations of most pesticides in biological matrices of this study population were either comparable to or lower than the levels reported in previous studies and in the US general population, except for orthophenylphenol. The daily intakes of two representative organophosphorus insecticides (chlorpyrifos and diazinon) were lower than most regulatory protection limits (EPA oral benchmark dose10/100, EPA reference oral dose, or ATSDR minimal risk levels). The urinary concentrations of most phthalate metabolites were comparable to or lower than the U.S. general population, except for mono-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate, mono-(2-ethyl-5-hydroxyhexyl) phthalate, and mono-(2-ethyl-5-oxohexyl) phthalate, three metabolites of di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP). The median urinary concentrations of mono-(2-ethyl-5-hydroxyhexyl) phthalate (109 ?g/L) and mono-(2-ethyl-5-oxohexyl) phthalate (95.1 ?g/L) were more than 5 times their population-based concentrations, while the median urinary concentration of mono-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate was over 20 times higher. Calculation of daily phthalate intakes using the urinary biomarker data revealed that none of the pregnant women tested had integrated exposures to DEHP higher than the ATSDR MRLs. High concentrations of DEHP metabolites may indicate a recent exposure to the plastic medical devices containing DEHP in the hospital. However, no abnormal birth outcomes or other adverse clinical reproductive endpoints were noted in those newborns who had higher concentrations of orthophenylphenol and DEHP during the perinatal period. Significantly higher concentrations and detection frequencies in maternal urine than in maternal serum and cord serum suggest that urinary concentrations of the metabolites may be more reliable biomarkers of exposure to the environmental toxicants than the concentrations in other biological specimens.
PhysicalDescription
Form
(authority = gmd)
electronic resource
Extent
viii, 94 p. : ill.
InternetMediaType
application/pdf
InternetMediaType
text/xml
Note
(type = degree)
Ph.D.
Note
(type = bibliography)
Includes bibliographical references (p. 62-72)
Note
(type = statement of responsibility)
by Xiaoyong Yan
Name
(ID = NAME-1);
(type = personal)
NamePart
(type = family)
Yan
NamePart
(type = given)
Xiaoyong
Role
RoleTerm
(authority = RULIB);
(type = )
author
DisplayForm
Xiaoyong Yan
Name
(ID = NAME-2);
(type = personal)
NamePart
(type = family)
Robson
NamePart
(type = given)
Mark
Role
RoleTerm
(authority = RULIB);
(type = )
chair
Affiliation
Advisory Committee
DisplayForm
Mark G. Robson
Name
(ID = NAME-3);
(type = personal)
NamePart
(type = family)
Reuhl
NamePart
(type = given)
Kenneth
Role
RoleTerm
(authority = RULIB);
(type = )
internal member
Affiliation
Advisory Committee
DisplayForm
Kenneth R. Reuhl
Name
(ID = NAME-4);
(type = personal)
NamePart
(type = family)
Buckley
NamePart
(type = given)
Brian
Role
RoleTerm
(authority = RULIB);
(type = )
internal member
Affiliation
Advisory Committee
DisplayForm
Brian Buckley
Name
(ID = NAME-5);
(type = personal)
NamePart
(type = family)
Ledoux
NamePart
(type = given)
Thomas
Role
RoleTerm
(authority = RULIB);
(type = )
outside member
Affiliation
Advisory Committee
DisplayForm
Thomas A. Ledoux
Name
(ID = NAME-1);
(type = corporate)
NamePart
Rutgers University
Role
RoleTerm
(authority = RULIB);
(type = )
degree grantor
Name
(ID = NAME-2);
(type = corporate)
NamePart
Graduate School - New Brunswick
Role
RoleTerm
(authority = RULIB);
(type = )
school
OriginInfo
DateCreated
(point = );
(qualifier = exact)
2009
DateOther
(qualifier = exact);
(type = degree)
2009-05
Place
PlaceTerm
(type = code)
xx
Location
PhysicalLocation
(authority = marcorg)
NjNbRU
RelatedItem
(type = host)
TitleInfo
Title
Rutgers University Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Identifier
(type = RULIB)
ETD
RelatedItem
(type = host)
TitleInfo
Title
Graduate School - New Brunswick Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Identifier
(type = local)
rucore19991600001
Identifier
(type = doi)
doi:10.7282/T3MW2HCJ
Genre
(authority = ExL-Esploro)
ETD doctoral
Back to the top
Rights
RightsDeclaration
(AUTHORITY = GS);
(ID = rulibRdec0006)
The author owns the copyright to this work.
Copyright
Status
Copyright protected
Availability
Status
Open
RightsEvent
(AUTHORITY = rulib);
(ID = 1)
Type
Permission or license
Detail
Non-exclusive ETD license
AssociatedObject
(AUTHORITY = rulib);
(ID = 1)
Type
License
Name
Author Agreement License
Detail
I hereby grant to the Rutgers University Libraries and to my school the non-exclusive right to archive, reproduce and distribute my thesis or dissertation, in whole or in part, and/or my abstract, in whole or in part, in and from an electronic format, subject to the release date subsequently stipulated in this submittal form and approved by my school. I represent and stipulate that the thesis or dissertation and its abstract are my original work, that they do not infringe or violate any rights of others, and that I make these grants as the sole owner of the rights to my thesis or dissertation and its abstract. I represent that I have obtained written permissions, when necessary, from the owner(s) of each third party copyrighted matter to be included in my thesis or dissertation and will supply copies of such upon request by my school. I acknowledge that RU ETD and my school will not distribute my thesis or dissertation or its abstract if, in their reasonable judgment, they believe all such rights have not been secured. I acknowledge that I retain ownership rights to the copyright of my work. I also retain the right to use all or part of this thesis or dissertation in future works, such as articles or books.
Back to the top
Technical
ContentModel
ETD
MimeType
(TYPE = file)
application/pdf
MimeType
(TYPE = container)
application/x-tar
FileSize
(UNIT = bytes)
624640
Checksum
(METHOD = SHA1)
42a9867372c84d644b6c0e40446ef94b1cab11f2
Back to the top
Statistical Profile