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Microbial reductive dechlorination of weathered polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans in contaminated sediments
Descriptive
TypeOfResource
Text
TitleInfo
(ID = T-1)
Title
Microbial reductive dechlorination of weathered polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans in contaminated sediments
Identifier
ETD_2979
Identifier
(type = hdl)
http://hdl.rutgers.edu/1782.1/rucore10001600001.ETD.000056512
Language
LanguageTerm
(authority = ISO639-2);
(type = code)
eng
Genre
(authority = marcgt)
theses
Subject
(ID = SBJ-1);
(authority = RUETD)
Topic
Environmental Sciences
Subject
(ID = SBJ-2);
(authority = ETD-LCSH)
Topic
Sediments (Geology)
Subject
(ID = SBJ-3);
(authority = ETD-LCSH)
Topic
Microbial contamination
Subject
(ID = SBJ-4);
(authority = ETD-LCSH)
Topic
Polychlorinated dibenzodioxins
Abstract
(type = abstract)
Sediments contaminated with weathered polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs) are problematic around the world. River Kymijoki is highly contaminated with PCDFs mainly originating from the production of the wood preservative Ky-5 until the 1980s. Limited information is available on the in situ microbial reductive dechlorination of weathered PCDD/Fs. The overall objectives of my work were to assess the potential for anaerobic microbial dechlorination of weathered PCDFs and to gain information on the application in bioremediation and detoxification of contaminated sediment using Kymijoki River sediments as a case model. Experiments in mesocosms (30 L), microcosms (200 mL) and enrichment cultures (40 mL) demonstrated the potential for dechlorination of weathered PCDFs as well as spiked PCDD/Fs by the indigenous microorganisms of Kymijoki River sediment. The relative decrease of highly chlorinated dibenzofurans (CDFs) was accompanied with an increase of tetra- and penta-CDFs over a 7-year period in mesocosms. Amendment with halogenated co-substrates, tetrachlorobenzene (TeCB) and pentachloronitrobenzene (PCNB), and bioaugmentation with Dehalococcoides ethenogenes strain 195 selectively stimulated dechlorination of weathered PCDFs after 18 months in microcosms. Dechlorinating enrichment cultures were established from the microcosms and spiked with 1,2,3,4-tetra-CDD/F and octaCDF with PCNB as a co-substrate. 1,2,3,4-tetra-CDD was dechlorinated mainly via 1,2,3-triCDD to 2,3-di-CDD and 2-mono-CDD over 13 months incubation. Dechlorination of 1,2,3,4-tetra-CDF was slow and less extensive compared to that of 1,2,3,4-tetra-CDD, with 2,4-di-CDF as the most abundant dechlorination product accumulating after 13 months. More extensive dechlorination of 1,2,3,4-tetra-CDD was observed in the presence of PCNB, which demonstrated that PCNB was capable of enhancing the dechlorinating potential of the indigenous microorganisms in Kymijoki sediments. Dechlorination of spiked octa-CDF was observed with the production of hepta-, hexa-, penta- and tetra-CDFs over 5.5 months incubation. DGGE analysis revealed diverse Chloroflexi community in mesocosms and a highly selected Chloroflexi community in the enrichment cultures. One of the stimulated Chloroflexi populations clustered closely with the Pinellas subgroup of Dehalococcoides. Our results suggest that dechlorination of weathered PCDD/Fs contaminants may be mediated by indigenous microbial populations as a means for in situ bioremediation of PCDD/F contaminated sediments.
PhysicalDescription
Form
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electronic resource
Extent
xviii, 206 p. : ill.
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application/pdf
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text/xml
Note
(type = degree)
Ph.D.
Note
(type = bibliography)
Includes bibliographical references
Note
(type = vita)
Includes vita
Note
(type = statement of responsibility)
by Hui Liu
Name
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NamePart
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Liu
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Hui
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1979-
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author
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Hui Liu
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Häggblom
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Max
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chair
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Advisory Committee
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Max Häggblom
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(type = family)
Fennell
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Donna
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Advisory Committee
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Donna Fennell
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(type = family)
Kerkhof
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(type = given)
Lee
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internal member
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Advisory Committee
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Lee Kerkhof
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(type = family)
Bini
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(type = given)
Elisabetta
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internal member
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Advisory Committee
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Elisabetta Bini
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(ID = NAME-6);
(type = personal)
NamePart
(type = family)
Ren
NamePart
(type = given)
Yuan
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(authority = RULIB)
outside member
Affiliation
Advisory Committee
DisplayForm
Yuan Ren
Name
(ID = NAME-1);
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NamePart
Rutgers University
Role
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(authority = RULIB)
degree grantor
Name
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NamePart
Graduate School - New Brunswick
Role
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(authority = RULIB)
school
OriginInfo
DateCreated
(qualifier = exact)
2010
DateOther
(qualifier = exact);
(type = degree)
2010-10
Place
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(type = code)
xx
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Title
Rutgers University Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Identifier
(type = RULIB)
ETD
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(type = host)
TitleInfo
Title
Graduate School - New Brunswick Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Identifier
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rucore19991600001
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(displayLabel = Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey)
NjNbRU
Identifier
(type = doi)
doi:10.7282/T3QN66HN
Genre
(authority = ExL-Esploro)
ETD doctoral
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Rights
RightsDeclaration
(AUTHORITY = GS);
(ID = rulibRdec0006)
The author owns the copyright to this work.
Copyright
Status
Copyright protected
Availability
Status
Open
Reason
Permission or license
RightsHolder
(ID = PRH-1);
(type = personal)
Name
FamilyName
Liu
GivenName
Hui
Role
Copyright Holder
RightsEvent
(ID = RE-1);
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Type
Permission or license
DateTime
2010-10-01 10:35:26
AssociatedEntity
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Copyright holder
Name
Hui Liu
Affiliation
Rutgers University. Graduate School - New Brunswick
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Author Agreement License
Detail
I hereby grant to the Rutgers University Libraries and to my school the non-exclusive right to archive, reproduce and distribute my thesis or dissertation, in whole or in part, and/or my abstract, in whole or in part, in and from an electronic format, subject to the release date subsequently stipulated in this submittal form and approved by my school. I represent and stipulate that the thesis or dissertation and its abstract are my original work, that they do not infringe or violate any rights of others, and that I make these grants as the sole owner of the rights to my thesis or dissertation and its abstract. I represent that I have obtained written permissions, when necessary, from the owner(s) of each third party copyrighted matter to be included in my thesis or dissertation and will supply copies of such upon request by my school. I acknowledge that RU ETD and my school will not distribute my thesis or dissertation or its abstract if, in their reasonable judgment, they believe all such rights have not been secured. I acknowledge that I retain ownership rights to the copyright of my work. I also retain the right to use all or part of this thesis or dissertation in future works, such as articles or books.
RightsEvent
(ID = RE-2);
(AUTHORITY = rulib)
Type
Embargo
DateTime
2010-10-31
Detail
Access to this PDF has been restricted at the author's request. It will be publicly available after October 30th, 2012.
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ETD
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application/pdf
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application/x-tar
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3481600
Checksum
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