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The illegal parrot trade in the neo-tropics
Descriptive
TitleInfo
Title
The illegal parrot trade in the neo-tropics
SubTitle
the relationship between poaching and illicit pet markets
Name
(type = personal)
NamePart
(type = family)
Pires
NamePart
(type = given)
Stephen Ferreira
NamePart
(type = date)
1983-
DisplayForm
Stephen Pires
Role
RoleTerm
(authority = RULIB)
author
Name
(type = personal)
NamePart
(type = family)
Clarke
NamePart
(type = given)
Ronald
DisplayForm
Ronald Clarke
Affiliation
Advisory Committee
Role
RoleTerm
(authority = RULIB)
chair
Name
(type = personal)
NamePart
(type = family)
Miller
NamePart
(type = given)
Joel
DisplayForm
Joel Miller
Affiliation
Advisory Committee
Role
RoleTerm
(authority = RULIB)
internal member
Name
(type = personal)
NamePart
(type = family)
Braga
NamePart
(type = given)
Anthony
DisplayForm
Anthony Braga
Affiliation
Advisory Committee
Role
RoleTerm
(authority = RULIB)
internal member
Name
(type = personal)
NamePart
(type = family)
Maxfield
NamePart
(type = given)
Michael
DisplayForm
Michael Maxfield
Affiliation
Advisory Committee
Role
RoleTerm
(authority = RULIB)
outside member
Name
(type = corporate)
NamePart
Rutgers University
Role
RoleTerm
(authority = RULIB)
degree grantor
Name
(type = corporate)
NamePart
Graduate School - Newark
Role
RoleTerm
(authority = RULIB)
school
TypeOfResource
Text
Genre
(authority = marcgt)
theses
OriginInfo
DateCreated
(qualifier = exact)
2012
DateOther
(qualifier = exact);
(type = degree)
2012-01
CopyrightDate
(qualifier = exact)
2011
Place
PlaceTerm
(type = code)
xx
Language
LanguageTerm
(authority = ISO639-2b);
(type = code)
eng
Abstract
(type = abstract)
Due to the global illegal parrot trade in conjunction with habitat loss, parrots are among the most threatened bird species in the world. Despite laws against parrot poaching throughout the neo-tropics, the lack of enforcement in the wild and in city pet markets enables poachers, itinerant fences (i.e. middlemen), and sellers to continue in the illegal wildlife trade while parrot populations further decline. Recent publications, which take account of parrot poaching variation in Mexico, Bolivia, and Peru, have enabled criminologists to attempt to explain why some parrot species tend to be poached more often than others. Using two recent studies that look at illicit pet markets in 7 cities within Peru and Bolivia (Gastanaga et al., 2010; Herrera and Hennessey, 2008), this dissertation will analyze why some parrot species end up on any of the seven illicit pet markets (N=50) and why some species were never found on any illicit pet market despite their close proximity to one (N=17). Using the CRAVED model (Clarke, 1999) and the Choice-Structuring Properties (Clarke and Cornish, 1987) concept to examine the illegal parrot trade, this study finds that illicit parrot markets are not homogenous in nature. Using GIS data on where parrot ranges are relative to the illicit markets they appear on, this study reveals there are three types of illicit parrot markets: local, regional, and feeder markets. Local markets will mostly be comprised of highly local species, whereas regional markets will obtain species from very far off distances via itinerant fences. Feeder markets on the other hand, are mostly responsible for creating a large internal parrot trade within countries such as Peru and Bolivia. They supply not only local demand, but also supply other cities with parrots. This study also finds support for opportunity-based factors such as availability and abundance in relation to poaching risk. This is now the third study to substantiate these concepts as the most important factors related to poaching. Other CRAVED factors such as enjoyability and removability were not found to be significantly related to poaching, despite previous findings in Bolivia and Mexico showing otherwise.
Subject
(authority = RUETD)
Topic
Criminal Justice
RelatedItem
(type = host)
TitleInfo
Title
Rutgers University Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Identifier
(type = RULIB)
ETD
Identifier
ETD_3734
PhysicalDescription
Form
(authority = gmd)
electronic resource
InternetMediaType
application/pdf
InternetMediaType
text/xml
Extent
ix, 179 p. : ill., maps
Note
(type = degree)
Ph.D.
Note
(type = bibliography)
Includes bibliographical references
Note
(type = vita)
Includes vita
Note
(type = statement of responsibility)
by Stephen Ferreira Pires
Subject
(authority = ETD-LCSH)
Topic
Black marketeers
Subject
(authority = ETD-LCSH)
Topic
Wildlife crimes--Mexico
Subject
(authority = ETD-LCSH)
Topic
Wildlife crimes--Peru
Subject
(authority = ETD-LCSH)
Topic
Wildlife crimes--Bolivia
Subject
(authority = ETD-LCSH)
Topic
Parrots
Identifier
(type = hdl)
http://hdl.rutgers.edu/1782.1/rucore10002600001.ETD.000063975
RelatedItem
(type = host)
TitleInfo
Title
Graduate School - Newark Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Identifier
(type = local)
rucore10002600001
Location
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(authority = marcorg);
(displayLabel = Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey)
NjNbRU
Identifier
(type = doi)
doi:10.7282/T3222SS0
Genre
(authority = ExL-Esploro)
ETD doctoral
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Rights
RightsDeclaration
(ID = rulibRdec0006)
The author owns the copyright to this work.
RightsHolder
(type = personal)
Name
FamilyName
Pires
GivenName
Stephen
Role
Copyright Holder
RightsEvent
Type
Permission or license
DateTime
(encoding = w3cdtf);
(qualifier = exact);
(point = start)
2011-12-15 15:53:00
AssociatedEntity
Name
Stephen Pires
Role
Copyright holder
Affiliation
Rutgers University. Graduate School - Newark
AssociatedObject
Type
License
Name
Author Agreement License
Detail
I hereby grant to the Rutgers University Libraries and to my school the non-exclusive right to archive, reproduce and distribute my thesis or dissertation, in whole or in part, and/or my abstract, in whole or in part, in and from an electronic format, subject to the release date subsequently stipulated in this submittal form and approved by my school. I represent and stipulate that the thesis or dissertation and its abstract are my original work, that they do not infringe or violate any rights of others, and that I make these grants as the sole owner of the rights to my thesis or dissertation and its abstract. I represent that I have obtained written permissions, when necessary, from the owner(s) of each third party copyrighted matter to be included in my thesis or dissertation and will supply copies of such upon request by my school. I acknowledge that RU ETD and my school will not distribute my thesis or dissertation or its abstract if, in their reasonable judgment, they believe all such rights have not been secured. I acknowledge that I retain ownership rights to the copyright of my work. I also retain the right to use all or part of this thesis or dissertation in future works, such as articles or books.
Copyright
Status
Copyright protected
Availability
Status
Open
Reason
Permission or license
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Technical
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5308928
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