DescriptionHuman skin pigmentation is the most noticeable evidence of human evolution. Human skin pigmentation has progressively adapted to the local environment as humans have migrated from their central African origin. The purpose of this investigation is to explore the driving factors that have led to the diversity in skin pigmentation and explore the future direction of human skin pigmentation. With the advent of reflectometry-based instruments, researchers have been able to discover relationships between skin reflectance across populations and the average UV exposure experienced in their inhabited area. The reflectometry-based data also allowed researchers to compare the genetics between admixed populations and indigenous populations to discover new genes involved in skin pigmentation. The evolution of skin pigmentation is believed to be a result of the human need for previtamin/vitamin D3, an adaptation that is most significant in childbearing women. With the significant impact that man has on the climate as well as the growing tendency of man to live indoors and in areas with low UV impact, the future evolution of skin pigmentation as well as how humans will adapt to such change remains a mystery.