Wound healing is a hierarchical process of intracellular and intercellular signaling. Insulin is a potent chemoattractant and mitogen for cells involved in wound healing. Insulin’s potential to promote keratinocyte growth and stimulate collagen synthesis in fibroblasts is well described. However, there currently lacks an appropriate delivery mechanism capable of continuously supplying a wound environment with insulin; current approaches require repeated applications of insulin, which increase the chances of infecting the wound. In addition to insulin, exogenous mesenchymal stromal cell or mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) application is a promising treatment strategy for chronic wounds, yet MSC therapies are still far from a clinical reality. MSCs have been shown to improve islet viability and function, regulate inflammation and secrete pro-wound healing factors. MSC-assisted wound healing is elicited through distinct pathways from insulin-assisted wound healing. In this dissertation, a potential synergistic effect of these two differing modes of wound healing was investigated. Since topical insulin creams preclude using MSCs, here insulin-producing cells (IPCs) and MSCs were combined in a dual-cell therapy approach for wound healing. Polyethylene glycol diacrylate (PEGDA) was used to encapsulate IPCs and/or MSCs and results showed that the encapsulation did not alter insulin or MSC secretion profiles. It was hypothesized that MSCs would improve IPC viability and insulin secretion and that the combination of encapsulated IPCs and MSCs would release factors that synergistically accelerate wound repair at greater rates than either cell used alone. The resulting coencapsulated IPC-MSC hydrogel system was applied to a diabetic mouse model of chronic wounds and provided prolonged release of insulin and soluble MSC factors without the need for reapplication. The results showed that IPCs encapsulated within PEGDA hydrogels improved wound healing by 1.6 times, and remarkably IPC and MSC coencapsulation further accelerated wound closure 2.5 times faster, thus supporting the hypothesis. Results further showed increased release of insulin, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1) when IPCs and MSCs were combined than when they were encapsulated singly. Since each of these factors support wound healing, it is unsurprising that wound healing proceeded faster in these groups. In addition, coencapsulated IPCs and MSCs stimulated Akt phosphorylation in myoblasts more than any other treatment group. The phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)-Akt pathway stimulates growth, proliferation, migration and secretion by keratinocytes, endothelial cells and fibroblasts and induces angiogenesis by promoting VEGF secretion. Thus, the PI3-AkT pathway was another pro-wound healing mechanism recruited by the IPC-MSC system. Wounds healed without intermediate scab or scar formation and histology showed mature skin features in IPC-MSC treated wounds. The system’s ability to accelerate healing in chronic wounds with a single application has broad clinical and research implications.
Subject (authority = RUETD)
Topic
Biomedical Engineering
RelatedItem (type = host)
TitleInfo
Title
Rutgers University Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Identifier (type = RULIB)
ETD
Identifier
ETD_7987
PhysicalDescription
Form (authority = gmd)
electronic resource
InternetMediaType
application/pdf
InternetMediaType
text/xml
Extent
1 online resource (xii, 120 p. : ill.)
Note (type = degree)
Ph.D.
Note (type = bibliography)
Includes bibliographical references
Subject (authority = ETD-LCSH)
Topic
Wound healing
Subject (authority = ETD-LCSH)
Topic
Wounds and injuries
Note (type = statement of responsibility)
by Ayesha Aijaz
RelatedItem (type = host)
TitleInfo
Title
Graduate School - New Brunswick Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Identifier (type = local)
rucore19991600001
Location
PhysicalLocation (authority = marcorg); (displayLabel = Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey)
Rutgers University. Graduate School - New Brunswick
AssociatedObject
Type
License
Name
Author Agreement License
Detail
I hereby grant to the Rutgers University Libraries and to my school the non-exclusive right to archive, reproduce and distribute my thesis or dissertation, in whole or in part, and/or my abstract, in whole or in part, in and from an electronic format, subject to the release date subsequently stipulated in this submittal form and approved by my school. I represent and stipulate that the thesis or dissertation and its abstract are my original work, that they do not infringe or violate any rights of others, and that I make these grants as the sole owner of the rights to my thesis or dissertation and its abstract. I represent that I have obtained written permissions, when necessary, from the owner(s) of each third party copyrighted matter to be included in my thesis or dissertation and will supply copies of such upon request by my school. I acknowledge that RU ETD and my school will not distribute my thesis or dissertation or its abstract if, in their reasonable judgment, they believe all such rights have not been secured. I acknowledge that I retain ownership rights to the copyright of my work. I also retain the right to use all or part of this thesis or dissertation in future works, such as articles or books.