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Steppe generosity: cooperation, labor sharing, and generous giving among Mongolian pastoral nomads
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Steppe generosity: cooperation, labor sharing, and generous giving among Mongolian pastoral nomads
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Conte
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Thomas J.
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Thomas J. Conte
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Lee
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Lee Cronk
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chair
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Hodgson
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Dorothy
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Dorothy Hodgson
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Ryne
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Ryne Palombit
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Wickhamsmith
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Simon
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Simon Wickhamsmith
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Advisory Committee
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Rutgers University
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School of Graduate Studies
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theses
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2019
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2019-10
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2019
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English
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Cooperation abounds in human communities and enables humans to gain access to resources, form coalitions with others, mitigate economic and ecological risks, and signal personal qualities to others. Cooperation has been documented in all human subsistence patterns, including pastoralist societies. However, cooperation in Inner Asian pastoral nomad cultures remains understudied and poorly understood from a behavioral perspective. In this dissertation, I use a human behavioral ecology approach to understand 1) the dynamics of labor sharing in a remote community of Mongolian pastoralists, 2) the major drivers of generous giving in rural Mongolia, and 3) how natural disasters, like severe winter storms, affect Mongolian pastoralists’ willingness and ability to engage in cooperative behavior. Mongolian nomadic pastoralists were chosen as the community of focus because they engage in a variety of labor sharing practices and are affected by ecological risks such as droughts and severe winter conditions.
In Chapter 2, recipient identity conditioned heuristic (RICH) allocation games are used to explore generous giving among both men and women in a Mongolian herding community and show that generous giving is driven primarily by a kinship, social reputations, and a person’s perceived neediness. In Chapter 3, social network analyses are used to explore labor sharing ties for 6 commonly cooperative labor types in a sample of 47 pastoral nomad households and show that labor sharing ties are largely explained by blood and marital kinship and social reputations. In Chapter 4, common pool resource experimental economic games are used to explore the effects of natural disasters on cooperation in Mongolia. While the results are inconclusive, the study represents the first-ever application of this type of experimental game in Mongolia and show that Mongolian pastoralists can effectively manage common pool resources in an experimental setting. The dissertation concludes in Chapter 5 with a synopsis of the results of each chapter and suggestions for future research on cooperation in both Mongolia and pastoralist societies more generally.
In Chapter 2, recipient identity conditioned heuristic (RICH) allocation games are used to explore generous giving among both men and women in a Mongolian herding community and show that generous giving is driven primarily by a kinship, social reputations, and a person’s perceived neediness. In Chapter 3, social network analyses are used to explore labor sharing ties for 6 commonly cooperative labor types in a sample of 47 pastoral nomad households and show that labor sharing ties are largely explained by blood and marital kinship and social reputations. In Chapter 4, common pool resource experimental economic games are used to explore the effects of natural disasters on cooperation in Mongolia. While the results are inconclusive, the study represents the first-ever application of this type of experimental game in Mongolia and show that Mongolian pastoralists can effectively manage common pool resources in an experimental setting. The dissertation concludes in Chapter 5 with a synopsis of the results of each chapter and suggestions for future research on cooperation in both Mongolia and pastoralist societies more generally.
Subject
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Anthropology
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Agriculture, Cooperative -- Mongolia
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Herders -- Mongolia -- Social conditions
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Generosity
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Rutgers University Electronic Theses and Dissertations
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1 online resource (xiv, 189 pages) : illustrations
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Ph.D.
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Includes bibliographical references
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School of Graduate Studies Electronic Theses and Dissertations
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doi:10.7282/t3-f7pr-6n21
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ETD doctoral
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The author owns the copyright to this work.
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Conte
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Thomas
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Permission or license
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2019-09-23 23:37:46
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Thomas Conte
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Rutgers University. School of Graduate Studies
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Author Agreement License
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I hereby grant to the Rutgers University Libraries and to my school the non-exclusive right to archive, reproduce and distribute my thesis or dissertation, in whole or in part, and/or my abstract, in whole or in part, in and from an electronic format, subject to the release date subsequently stipulated in this submittal form and approved by my school. I represent and stipulate that the thesis or dissertation and its abstract are my original work, that they do not infringe or violate any rights of others, and that I make these grants as the sole owner of the rights to my thesis or dissertation and its abstract. I represent that I have obtained written permissions, when necessary, from the owner(s) of each third party copyrighted matter to be included in my thesis or dissertation and will supply copies of such upon request by my school. I acknowledge that RU ETD and my school will not distribute my thesis or dissertation or its abstract if, in their reasonable judgment, they believe all such rights have not been secured. I acknowledge that I retain ownership rights to the copyright of my work. I also retain the right to use all or part of this thesis or dissertation in future works, such as articles or books.
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2019-10-31
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2020-10-30
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Access to this PDF has been restricted at the author's request. It will be publicly available after October 30th, 2020.
Copyright
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Copyright protected
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Open
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Permission or license
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