DescriptionThis essay explores the persecution of the Coptic Orthodox people of Egypt, and how it impacts the government’s ability to thrive as a Democratic Republic. The Egyptian government defines itself as an Arab Republic, but does not completely practice secularism. The Egyptian constitution, states Islam as the religion of the state and the principles of Islamic Sharia are the principle source of legislation. This capstone analyzes the historical marginalization of Coptic Egyptians supported by mass conversion, violence, erasure of language, and seizure of property which all directly contribute to the continuing persecution of this set of the population. This paper will discuss the need for secularization by discussing the marginalization of Coptic Christians in modern Egypt beginning with Anwar Sadat’s presidency to post revolution Egypt. It will also explore the failures of Mubarak’s administration and how the marginalization of Coptic Christians contributed to the government’s downfall. This essay will then explore the conditions of post-revolutionary Egypt, and the repetition of Islam as the state religion leading to continued marginalization. In order for Egypt to thrive as a Republic it should practice secularization. This includes limiting the rule of the majority, not declaring an official state religion, enforcing religious freedom, strengthening human rights policies, and providing adequate representation for the Coptic community within the governing body.