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Magnesium modulates cellular ROS levels to control cytoskeletal remodeling
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Al-Saadi, Namariq Hadi. Magnesium modulates cellular ROS levels to control cytoskeletal remodeling. Retrieved from https://doi.org/doi:10.7282/t3-95kf-7120

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TitleMagnesium modulates cellular ROS levels to control cytoskeletal remodeling
NameAl-Saadi, Namariq Hadi (author); Runnels, Loren (chair); Walworth, Nancy NW (member); Haimovich, Beatrice BH (member); Fan, Huizhou HF (member); Runnels, Loren LR (member); Rutgers University; School of Graduate Studies
Date Created2021
Other Date2021-10 (degree)
SubjectMolecular biology, Cellular biology, Morphology, Magnesium ions
Extent1 online resource (xii, 81 pages) : illustrations
DescriptionEvidence for putative second messenger functions for Mg2+ has quietly accumulated for decades. Bound to DNA, RNA, and ATP and functioning as a cofactor for over 600 different enzymes, an enduring mystery is how signal discrimination is achieved when Mg2+ is the second most abundant cation in the cell. We previously showed that depletion of the TRPM7 ion channel from fibroblasts reduces intracellular Mg2+, interfering with the actin cytoskeleton's remodeling during polarized cell movements. Defects in cell spreading and formation of actin stress fibers caused by loss of the channel can be rescued by overexpression of the magnesium transporter SLC41A2. Here we report that Mg2+ controls remodeling of the actin cytoskeleton independent of microtubules by regulating the concentration of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in cells. A lowering of ROS levels accompanies a reduction in cellular Mg2+ caused by depletion of the TRPM7 ion channel. Raising ROS levels independent of Mg2+ rescued defects in cell spreading caused by depletion of the channel. To test whether Mg2+ acts independent of TRPM7 to regulate the actin cytoskeleton we overexpressed the Mg2+ exporter CNNM2 in fibroblasts to lower intracellular Mg2+, which we found also lowered ROS levels and produced similar defects in the cellular distribution of actin but not microtubules similar to that observed for cellular depletion of TRPM7. Reducing ROS levels independent of changes in cellular Mg2+ by overexpression of the ROS scavenger catalase produced similar changes in the cytoskeleton and cell morphology. Mg2+-dependent changes in cellular ROS results in the oxidation of numerous proteins, including those involved in cytoskeletal remodeling. We conclude that signal transduction via changes in intracellular Mg2+ signals occur by Mg2+-dependent changes in cellular ROS levels.
NotePh.D.
NoteIncludes bibliographical references
Genretheses
Persistent URLhttps://doi.org/doi:10.7282/t3-95kf-7120
LanguageEnglish
CollectionSchool of Graduate Studies Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Organization NameRutgers, The State University of New Jersey
RightsThe author owns the copyright to this work.
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