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Impacts of dynamics and mechanisms of mRNA degradation on yeast protein synthesis
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Xing, Tongji. Impacts of dynamics and mechanisms of mRNA degradation on yeast protein synthesis. Retrieved from https://doi.org/doi:10.7282/t3-kmhy-vy18

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TitleImpacts of dynamics and mechanisms of mRNA degradation on yeast protein synthesis
NameXing, Tongji (author); Shah, Premal (chair); Bromberg, Yana (member); Xing, Jinchuan (member); Ellison, Christopher (member); Rutgers University; School of Graduate Studies
Date Created2022
Other Date2022-10 (degree)
SubjectGenetics, Protein synthesis, Yeast, Messenger RNA
Extent1 online resource (127 pages) : illustrations
DescriptionTranslation and mRNA degradation are two major processes in eukaryotic gene expression. They were previously thought to be mutually exclusive due to potential protection of transcripts by actively translating ribosomes. However, recent research has linked their regulations through a process known as co-translational mRNA degradation. Despite growing interest in characterizing co-translational mRNA degradation in various organisms, how such interaction can affect protein production remains unexplored. To address this question, I built a computational model of yeast transcription, mRNA degradation and translation. This model tracks the components (mRNAs, ribosomes, tRNAs) and processivity (initiation, elongation, termination) of a yeast translation system under the influence of mRNA dynamics. Such dynamics is defined by experimentally measured mRNA half-lives as well as two parameters (co-translational mRNA degradation level and ribosome protection index) shaping the intricate interplay between mRNA decay and translation. This model allows quantitative and systematic exploration of how the dynamics and mechanisms of mRNA degradation can affect translation. I found high levels of co-translational mRNA degradation and low levels of ribosome protection act to increase average protein output among genes, gauged by protein synthesis rate and translation efficiency. I also found that while cellular protein synthesis is unaffected by altering mRNA degradation, translation efficiencies are reprogrammed for individual genes, regulated by various factors such as gene coding length. Together these results provide an explanation for the functional significance and regulation mechanisms of co-translational mRNA degradation.
NotePh.D.
NoteIncludes bibliographical references
Genretheses
Persistent URLhttps://doi.org/doi:10.7282/t3-kmhy-vy18
LanguageEnglish
CollectionSchool of Graduate Studies Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Organization NameRutgers, The State University of New Jersey
RightsThe author owns the copyright to this work.
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