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Performance of a woody vine (Parthenocissus quinquefolia) sampled from dune and inland populations to coastal stressors and the potential for restoration
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Gage, Amy. Performance of a woody vine (Parthenocissus quinquefolia) sampled from dune and inland populations to coastal stressors and the potential for restoration. Retrieved from https://doi.org/doi:10.7282/t3-kc6s-g457

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TitlePerformance of a woody vine (Parthenocissus quinquefolia) sampled from dune and inland populations to coastal stressors and the potential for restoration
NameGage, Amy (author); Handel, Steven (chair); Aronson, Myla FJ (member); Struwe, Lena (member); Hallett, Richard A (member); Rutgers University; School of Graduate Studies
Date Created2023
Other Date2023-01 (degree)
SubjectEcology, Coastal sand dune, Parthenocissus quinquefolia, Plant stress, Restoration, Salt spray, Sand burial
Extent215 pages : illustrations
DescriptionCoastal sand dunes protect lives and property by buffering destructive storm surges. Dune plantings will be enhanced by adding a North American berry-producing woody vine with a wide habitat range, Parthenocissus quinquefolia, a Vitaceae commonly known as Virginia Creeper. A series of six greenhouse experiments and two field experiments tested if there are ecotypes of P. quinquefolia better adapted to coastal sand dunes that will perform better in coastal sand dune restoration than plants sampled from inland habitats. I tested the growth responses of potential ecotypes of P. quinquefolia in response to common dune stressors: salt spray, sand burial, and germination in sand. Vines from dunes showed higher tolerance to foliar salt spray treatment and regrew thicker leaflets after salt spray exposure than vines sampled from inland habitats. But in response to sand burial, plant provenance had no effect. All P. quinquefolia vines treated with sand burial grew larger than those that received no sand treatment, indicating that burial stimulates growth regardless of plant provenance. Seed provenance also had no effect on seed mass nor on seedling emergence when sown into beach sand. In a greenhouse common garden of vine seedlings, plants of inland provenance had greater root and stem mass than plants of dune provenance, but there was no difference in leaf mass. Vines were then grown in three outdoor common garden sites: an inland agricultural field, a preserved coastal sand dune and a restored sand dune. Survival and plant mass was much lower at the two coastal dune sites than the inland common garden. Plant provenance had no effect on survival or biomass when compared within each outdoor common garden site, all plants grown inland had greater growth and survival than plants grown on the dune sites.
In a field experiment on a restored sand dune, I compared the survival and size of two P. quinquefolia planting materials, seed grown potted plants and vine cuttings sampled from two habitats: dunes and inland forest edges. Neither seed nor cutting provenance had any effect on survival or measures of plant size (measured as aboveground stem length and estimates of leaf area). Vine cuttings had lower survival that seed grown plants, but vine cuttings required less time and effort to propagate than seed-grown plants.
These results show that some critical aspects of plant performance in response to dune stressors are not related to seed provenance. Coastal land managers looking to improve habitat value of dunes by planting P. quinquefolia may not need to prioritize the selection of dune ecotypes over inland sources. Additionally, sampling vine cuttings may also be an efficient method of sampling plant material.
NotePh.D.
NoteIncludes bibliographical references
Genretheses
Persistent URLhttps://doi.org/doi:10.7282/t3-kc6s-g457
LanguageEnglish
CollectionSchool of Graduate Studies Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Organization NameRutgers, The State University of New Jersey
RightsThe author owns the copyright to this work.
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