DescriptionAmir Aziz examines how the gendered language of laïcité (French secularism) as the defender of women’s rights and gender equality has become especially effective in implementing anti-terrorism laws and surveillance in contemporary France, purportedly in the name of protecting the French Republic’s secularity and sexual values. Anti-terrorism policies not only entail defending the nation from terror threats, but involves safeguarding the nation’s secularity and ‘progressive’ sexual norms, requiring constant surveillance of the quotidian conduct of citizens. Since the 2015 Paris terror attacks, France’s policies on domestic crime and national defense have become increasingly legislated through an anti-terrorism penal framework that interprets any violation of laïcité as anti-social activity akin to committing a terror act. Any speech or act that criticizes laïcité or defends Islam or religious and sexual intolerance can be penalized as a violation of laïcité and a glorification of terrorism (apologie du terrorisme)—both prosecutable offenses that, owing to the rise of post-2015 anti-terrorism laws, are now regarded as crimes of comparable severity. By looking at a series of public debates and controversies, Aziz analyzes how laïcité and anti-terrorism securitization find common ground via the domain of gender and sexual politics.