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Neuronal adaptive responses to oxygen deprivation
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Ghose, Piya. Neuronal adaptive responses to oxygen deprivation. Retrieved from https://doi.org/doi:10.7282/T3VT1QNQ

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TitleNeuronal adaptive responses to oxygen deprivation
NameGhose, Piya (author); Driscoll, Monica (chair); Rongo, Christopher (internal member); Firestein, Bonnie (internal member); Barr, Maureen (internal member); Singson, Andrew (outside member); Rutgers University; Graduate School - New Brunswick
Date Created2012
Other Date2012-10 (degree)
SubjectNeuroscience, Neurons, Oxygen consumption (Physiology)
Extentxix, 255 p. : ill.
DescriptionAdaptability to changing environmental oxygen levels is important for the survival of aerobic organisms. Neurons in particular are vulnerable to oxygen deprivation (hypoxia), and hypoxia-induced degeneration is a hallmark of ischemic stroke, a leading cause of morbidity and disability. Ischemic stroke damages neurons through a combination of hypoxia-induced neuronal membrane depolarization, excess glutamate receptor activation, altered intracellular calcium homeostasis, and mitochondrial dysfunction. Neurons from different species or even from different brain regions of the same species have varying tolerances to oxygen deprivation, yet little is known about how neurons adapt to the stress of oxygen deprivation. Examining the causality of this differential resistance is particularly challenging in mammalian neurons given their inherent sensitivity to this stress. The soil nematode C. elegans serves as a hypoxia-adaptable model organism that can be used to examine how neurons handle oxygen deprivation. In the
dissertation work presented here, I have employed C. elegans to study the hypoxic regulation of two key cell biological components important for the progression of hypoxia–induced neuronal death: glutamate receptors and
mitochondria. In these studies, I report our identification of a novel variant of the hypoxia response pathway dedicated to the modulation of C. elegans glutamate receptor trafficking. In addition, I report that the dynamics of mitochondrial fission
and fusion are altered in response to oxygen deprivation in C. elegans neurons. I also present data suggesting that the canonical hypoxia response pathway regulates this dynamic response. These alterations in glutamate receptor trafficking and mitochondrial dynamics are accompanied by behavioral changes and possibly promote survival in response to oxygen deprivation. My findings indicate that neurons protect themselves by executing a complex and multilayered homeostatic response to reduced oxygen availability that
incorporates both transcriptional and posttranslational mechanisms.
NotePh.D.
NoteIncludes bibliographical references
Noteby Piya Ghose
Genretheses, ETD doctoral
Persistent URLhttps://doi.org/doi:10.7282/T3VT1QNQ
Languageeng
CollectionGraduate School - New Brunswick Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Organization NameRutgers, The State University of New Jersey
RightsThe author owns the copyright to this work.
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